A1 – Plaque-mediated injury
Small areas of plaque rupture/erosion with thrombus can injure the heart without a large obstructive lesion.
Understanding MINOCA & Related Conditions
MINOCA (myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries) is a working diagnosis used when features of a heart attack are present but no major blockage is seen. Explore the categories below for plain-English explanations.
A2 – SCAD / Thrombus / Vasospasm
Coronary dissection, vasospasm and in-situ thrombus are common non-plaque mechanisms.
B – Supply–Demand Mismatch (Type 2 MI)
Imbalance between oxygen supply and demand (e.g., anaemia, sepsis, fast arrhythmia).
C – No cause identified
All tests completed but no definitive mechanism found.
D – Incomplete diagnostic work-up
Further tests pending or unavailable; plan for structured follow-up.
E – Mimics of MI
Takotsubo, inflammatory myopericardial syndromes (IMPS), pulmonary embolism, and systemic causes.